Questão nº 17
Questão de Língua Inglesa · FGV DATAPREV 2024 (nº 17)
Robot Code of Ethics to Prevent Android Abuse and Protect
Humans.
The government of South Korea is drawing up a code of ethics to
prevent human abuse of robots—and vice versa.The so-called Robot Ethics Charter will cover standards for robotics users and manufacturers, as well as guidelines on ethical standards to be programmed into robots, South Korea's Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy announced last week.
"The move anticipates the day when robots, particularly intelligent service robots, could become a part of daily life as greater technological advancements are made", the ministry said in a statement.
A five-member task force that includes futurists and a science-fiction writer began work on the charter last November.
Gianmarco Veruggio of the School of Robotics in Genoa, Italy, is recognized as a leading authority on roboethics. "Robotics is a new science with a manifold of applications that can assist humans and solve many, many problems", he said.
"However, as in every field of science and technology, sensitive areas open up, and it is the specific responsibility of the scientists who work in this field to face this new array of social and ethical problems*."*
Abusing Robots
South Korea boasts one of the world's most high-tech societies. The country's Ministry of Information and Communication is working on plans to put a robot in every South Korean household by 2020.
The new charter is part of an effort to establish ground rules for human interaction with robots in the future. "Imagine if some people treat androids as if the machines were their wives", Park Hye-Young of the ministry's robot team told the AFP news agency.
(++http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/03/070316-robot-ethics.html*++)*
“They spoke of the wide-ranging possibilities; that computers might match or even exceed human intelligence and capabilities on tasks such as complex decision-making, reasoning and learning”.
The use of “might” in this excerpt taken form TEXT can be understood as
- Aan obligation.
- Ban absence of obligation.
- Can advice.
- Da prohibition.
- Ea possibility. (alternativa correta)
Resposta comentada
Gabarito Alternativa E
Conceito-chave: Os verbos modais são auxiliares que modificam o sentido do verbo principal, adicionando nuances como possibilidade, obrigação, permissão ou conselho. O modal "might" é frequentemente usado para expressar uma possibilidade ou probabilidade, geralmente um pouco mais incerta ou remota do que "may".
(A) Incorreta: "Might" não expressa obrigação. Para isso, usaríamos modais como "must" ou "have to".
(B) Incorreta: Embora não indique obrigação, "ausência de obrigação" não é o significado primário de "might". Essa ideia é expressa por "don't have to" ou "needn't".
(C) Incorreta: No contexto da frase, que descreve o que "eles falaram" sobre o potencial futuro dos computadores, "might" não está sendo usado para dar um conselho. Conselhos são tipicamente expressos por "should" ou "ought to".
(D) Incorreta: "Might" não indica proibição. Proibições são expressas por "must not" ou "cannot".
(E) Correta: No trecho "computers might match or even exceed human intelligence", o verbo modal "might" indica que existe uma possibilidade de que os computadores igualem ou superem a inteligência humana. A própria frase anterior ("They spoke of the wide-ranging possibilities") já estabelece o contexto de possibilidades, e "might" se encaixa perfeitamente nesse sentido.
Fonte: FGV DATAPREV 2024 Conhecimentos Comuns (Nível Médio - Segurança e Enfermagem do Trabalho) (Caderno Tipo 1). Reproduzida para fins de estudo.