Questão nº 128
Questão de Língua Inglesa · CEBRASPE IRBR 2026 (nº 128)
In recent years, awareness has grown of the scope and scale of violence and discrimination directed at lesbian, gay, bi, trans (LGBT) and intersex people around the world ⸺ including killings, torture, arbitrary detention and widespread discrimination in access to health care, education, employment and housing.
United Nations, regional and national human rights bodies have identified critical gaps in the implementation of international standards to address these and related violations, and have issued a plethora of recommendations, including, among them, the repeal of discriminatory legislation and measures to protect LGBT and intersex people from discrimination, violence, torture and ill treatment, and safeguard rights to freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.
Increasingly, governments are taking action ⸺ whether in the form of legislation and policy measures or through targeted social and education programmes. At the United Nations Human Rights Council, more than one hundred countries from all regions around the world have voluntarily committed to take measures to end violence and discrimination linked to sexual orientation and gender identity, based on recommendations generated during the first two cycles of the Universal Periodic Review.
However, serious challenges remain. While many countries have taken encouraging steps, in most cases, these efforts have fallen short of the concerted strategy required to tackle violence and discrimination against LGBT and intersex people. Even in countries that have arguably recorded the most progress in respect of the rights of gay men and lesbians, there has been far less attention given to protecting the rights of trans people and only incipient attention to the rights of intersex people.
Considering the ideas and linguistic aspects of the previous text, judge the following items.
Throughout the text, references to violence and discrimination against LGBT and intersex people highlight violations characteristic of state actors, as well as others that may also result from the actions of private individuals.
Resposta comentada
O texto fala de violações de direitos humanos contra pessoas LGBT e intersexo — e essas violações não vêm só do Estado (polícia, leis, prisões arbitrárias), mas também de particulares (vizinhos, empregadores, famílias, agressores privados). O trecho cita "killings, torture, arbitrary detention" (típicas de agentes estatais) e também "widespread discrimination in access to health care, education, employment and housing" — que no dia a dia costuma ser praticada por empregadores, escolas, hospitais e senhorios, ou seja, atores privados.
- Correta: Certo. O texto mistura violações típicas de agentes estatais (detenção arbitrária, tortura) com violações que também decorrem de particulares (discriminação no trabalho, moradia, escola, saúde), confirmando as duas origens.
Fica de olho: a banca costuma trocar "as well as" por "exclusively" ou "only" (ex.: "violations committed exclusively by state actors"). Aí o item vira Errado, porque o texto claramente aponta também ações de atores privados. Sempre que aparecer termo restritivo (only, exclusively, solely), desconfie: é a pegadinha clássica do CEBRASPE.
Fonte: CEBRASPE IRBR 2026 Diplomata (Terceiro Secretário). Reproduzida para fins de estudo.